The most commonly tested properties include wash resistance, light resistance, abrasion resistance, sweat resistance, ironing resistance, and climate resistance. In practice, the specific testing items are determined based on the product's intended use and product standards. For example, knitted underwear is tested for sweat resistance, while outdoor textiles (such as sunshades, billboard fabrics, and canopy materials) are tested for climate resistance.

1.Sunlight Fastness

Textiles are typically exposed to light during use, and light energy can degrade dyes, leading to the well-known phenomenon of “fading,” causing colored textiles to change color—generally becoming lighter or darker—and in some cases, altering their color tone. Therefore, it is necessary to test for colorfastness. Sunlight fastness testing involves exposing test samples alongside blue wool standard fabrics of different fastness grades under specified conditions to sunlight. The test samples are then compared with the blue wool fabrics to evaluate their sunlight fastness. The higher the grade of the blue wool standard fabric, the more light-resistant it is.

2.Wash fastness

The sample is sewn together with a standard backing fabric, washed, rinsed, and dried under appropriate temperature, alkalinity, bleaching, and friction conditions to obtain test results in a short period of time. The friction is achieved through rolling and impact of stainless steel balls in a small bath ratio, and the results are rated using a gray card. Different testing methods have different temperature, alkalinity, bleaching, and friction conditions, as well as sample sizes. Specific selections should be made based on testing standards and customer requirements.

3. Rubbing color fastness

Place the sample on a rubbing fastness tester and rub it with a standard rubbing cloth under a certain pressure for a specified number of times. Each group of samples must undergo both dry and wet rubbing color fastness tests. The color transferred onto the standard rubbing cloth is graded using a gray scale, and the resulting grade represents the measured rubbing color fastness. Friction colorfastness requires both dry and wet friction tests, and all colors on the sample must be subjected to friction.

4. Dry cleaning color fastness

Similar to water washing color fastness, except that water washing is replaced with dry cleaning.

5. Sweat stain color fastness

Sew the sample to the standard backing fabric, treat it in sweat stain solution, clamp it in a sweat stain color fastness tester, place it in an oven at a constant temperature, then dry it, and rate it using a gray card to obtain the test results. Different test methods have different sweat solution ratios, different sample sizes, and different test temperatures and durations.

6. Non-chlorine bleach colorfastness

The fabric is washed under non-chlorine bleach washing conditions, and the degree of color change is evaluated, which is the non-chlorine bleach colorfastness.

7. Pressing color fastness

Cover the dry sample with a cotton backing fabric, then press it for a certain period of time in a heating device at a specified temperature and pressure. Evaluate the discoloration of the sample and the color transfer to the backing fabric using a gray sample card. There are three types of heat pressing color fastness: dry pressing, damp pressing, and wet pressing. The specific test method should be selected based on different customer requirements and test standards.

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